考点之被动语态.docVIP

考点之被动语态 当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动式。 结构：be + p.p 考点一 常见时态的被动结构 一般现在时，结构: is / am / are + p.p 1, He does his homework at school everyday.His homework is done at school by him everyday. 2） 一般过去时，结构：was / were + p.p 1, She bought a new bike yesterday.A new bike was bought by her yesterday. 2，A new shop was built last year. 3） 一般来时，结构： will + be + p.p 1，A new hospital will be built in our city. 2，Many more trees will be planted next year. 3，They will ask you a lot of strange questions. You will be asked a lot of strange questions. 4） 过去将来时，结构： would + be + p.p 1, My parents told me that they would give me a special present a few days ago. My parents told me that a special present would be given to me a few days ago 5） 现在完成时，结构：has / have + been + p.p 1, We have studied English for 3 years. English has been studied by us for 3 years 6） 情态动词的结构：情态动词 + be + p.p 1, Young trees must be watered often. 2, The door may be locked inside 7） 不定式的被动语态：to + be + p.p There are twenty more trees to be planted. 考点二 主动句变为被动句的4个步骤： 1.把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语 2.把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。 3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。 4.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 如图 主动语态： 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 被动语态： 主语 + be + p.p + by + 宾语 1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far. 考点三 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to make somebody do something → somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something →somebody +be +seen to do something 1，A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. →My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. 2，The boss made the little boy do heavy work. →The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 考点四 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态 1，He gave me a book. → A book was given to me by him. 2，He showed me a ticket. → A ticket was shown to me by him. 3，My father bought me a new