Rare earth metals for automotive exhaust catalysts用于汽车尾气催化剂的稀土金属.pdfVIP

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Rare earth metals for automotive exhaust catalysts用于汽车尾气催化剂的稀土金属.pdf

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Catalysis Today 90 (2004) 183–190 Recent advances in automobile exhaust catalysts Shin’ichi Matsumoto∗ Material Engineering Division 1, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota, Aichi 471-8572, Japan Available online 7 June 2004 Abstract Catalysts, which were recently developed by Toyota for the control of automobile exhaust, are reviewed. (1) For use in low emission vehicles, a CeO2 -ZrO2 solid solution (CZ) with both high oxygen storage capacity and high heat resistance was developed as a support for a high performance three-way catalyst (TWC). (2) A novel three-way catalyst named the NOx storage-reduction catalyst (NSR) was developed for automotive lean-burn engines. The NSR catalyst can store NOx in an oxidizing atmosphere and then reduce stored NOx at stoichiometric or reducing conditions. Also, it has high tolerance to sulfur poisoning which is the most stringent problem for the NSR catalyst. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Oxygen storage capacity; Three-way catalyst; NOx storage-reduction catalyst; Sulfur poisoning; Steam reforming; Hexagonal cell 1. Introduction CO, H and HC to reduce NO and O . Lean-burn engines, 2 x 2 which operate at air–fuel (A/F) ratios of 25:1 and above, are In order to support global environmental protection, au- effectively improve the fuel efﬁciency of gasoline-engined tomakers endeavor to suppress carbon dioxide emissions and