英汉互译讲稿(上).docVIP

Chapter 1 Introduction of Translation Teaching Objects: Ss will be able to grasp: 1. History of translation in China; 2. The definition of translation; 3. Types of translation; 4. The requirements for translators. Emphasizes: 1. The definition of translation; 2. Types of translation; 3. The requirements for translators. Difficulties: 1. The definition of translation; 2. Types of translation; Teaching Steps Before we formally begin to learn how to translate, there is some basic knowledge we must know. So in the first class, we are going to learn something necessary for translation. And they will be undoubtedly helpful for your translation. T asks Ss about what is translation in their opinion.（10 minutes） T encourages Ss if they are right and corrects their ideas if they are wrong. Part I. Introduction of the course. (20 minutes) 1. Basic contents of the course. 2. Requirements for students. 3. Scoring of the course. 4. After-class practice. Part II. The History of Translation in China. (35 minutes) In the history of China, there have been a lot of people who have made contribution for translation, such as 鲁迅，林语堂. And as you know, the famous criteria for translation is “信达雅”(here T can ask Ss if they know the criteria). So we are going to learn some important theory by famous translators, maybe litterateur. And of course, all their ideas are surrounded with the criteria of translation. 三国时期，支谦著《法华经序》，“直译求信”。 东晋道安，“力求直译，务求忠实”。 南北朝鸠摩罗什：只要能存本旨，不妨“依实出华”，始求“达”与“雅”。 唐代印度佛学研究的代表人物玄奘，提倡以信为主，并倡导音译原则和意译。 17世纪“西学东渐”，代表人物为徐光启。 鲁迅：“凡是翻译，必须兼顾两方面，一当然是其易解，二则是保存原作的风姿。”未出“达、信”，包括“雅”。 林语堂提出的翻译标准：忠实标准，通顺标准，美的标准。 钱钟书：“精神姿致依然故我”和“化境”，亦“信”。 朱光潜：“信”最难达成，译文“不达不雅”或“过达过雅”皆为“不信”。 10、严复：信达雅标准。 严复（1854.1.8—1921.10.27）原名宗光，字又陵，后改名复，字几道，汉族，福建侯官人，是清末很有影响的资产阶级启蒙思想家，翻译家和教育家，毕业于格林威治海军学院，是中国近代史上向西方国家寻找真理的“先进的中国人”之一。辛亥革命后，京师大学堂改名为北京大学。1912年严复受袁世凯命担任北大校长之职，这也说明严复在思想界和学术界的令人信服的显赫地位。 信：Faithfulness 达：Smoothness/Expressiveness 雅：Elegance Part III. The Definition of Translation. (25minutes) Transla