大连托福培训-解读新托福阅读之否定排除题.docVIP

大连托福培训-解读新托福阅读之否定排除题 大连朗阁考试研究中心 否定排除题（Negative Factual Information Questions）是新托福每次必考题型，每次题量不是很多，通常每篇文章0-2个左右。 问题形式 这种题型要求考生们根据文章明确陈述的信息，确定哪些信息是真实的，哪些信息是不真实的或者是原文所没有提及的。 这种题目的提问方式通常为： According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of X? The author’s description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT 等等（题目中要么出现大写的NOT，要么出现大写的EXCEPT） 解题步骤 看题目，判断题型 读选项，划关键词（提高速度，先不直接回原文定位） 读题干，带着关键词在文章中定位相关信息 读原文相关信息并选出答案。 注意： 此种题型要求考生回顾更多的原文信息，因为三个在原文曾被提及的选项可能分布在一个段落或几个段落里。 2. 此题型的正确选项为：not mentioned in the passage or not true according to the passage 3解答完题目后，考生要检查自己的答案，以确保正确回答了这道题目。 下面朗阁专家通过几个例子来示范这种题目的答题步骤及方法。 The final major human cause of desertification is soil salinization resulting from over-irrigation. Excess water from irrigation sinks down into the water table. If no drainage system exists, the water table rises, bringing dissolved salts to the surface. The water evaporates and the salts are left behind, creating a white crustal layer that prevents air and water from reaching the underlying soil. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as contributing to desertification EXCEPT ○ soil erosion ○ global warming ○ insufficient irrigation ○ the raising of livestock 解析：首先本题题干中出现标志性词“EXCEPT”，因此我们断定此题为否定排除题；接下来读选项，而选项中均为词组，这些词组即为关键词；在原文定位，我们可以在第二段中定位到“Desertification is accomplished primarily through the loss of stabilizing natural vegetation and the subsequent accelerated erosion of the soil by wind and water…”，因此，第一个选项排除；继续定位，在文章第四段我们可以定位到“In some regions, the increase in desert is occurring largely as the result of a trend toward drier climatic conditions. Continued gradual global warming has produced an increase in aridity for some areas over the past few thousand years.”在第七段我们可以定位到“The raising of livestock is a major economic activity in semiarid lands, where gases…”在第九段我们可以定位到“The final major human cause of desertification is soil salinization resulting from over-irrigation.”因此，第二选项和第四选项我们都可以排