Limnol Oceanogr – by the American…由美国人.pdfVIP

Limnol. Oceanogr., 51(1), 2006, 321–330 2006, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc. Photodegradation of the algal toxin domoic acid in natural water matrices 1 Rene´-Christian Bouillon, Tika L. Knierim, Robert J. Kieber, Stephen A. Skrabal, and Jeffrey L. C. Wright University of North Carolina, Wilmington, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilmington, North Carolina, 28403 Abstract We investigated the photodegradation rate of the powerful marine toxin domoic acid in a variety of natural water matrices. The observed first-order photodegradation rate coefficient (kobs), obtained by linear regression of the logarithmic-transformed domoic acid concentrations versus irradiation time in simulated sunlight, was 0.15 0.01 h1 in coastal seawater. Photodegradation rate coefficients in deionized water were not significantly different than those in coastal seawater, indicating that domoic acid is mainly photodegraded through a direct photochemical pathway. Addition of 100 nmol L1 spikes of iron III [Fe(III)] and copper II [Cu(II)] had no significant effect on domoic acid photodegradation, indicating that the formation of trace-metal chelates did not enhance photodegra- dation of the toxin in seawater. We observed an increase of domoic acid photodegradation rates with temperature with a corresponding energy of activation of 13 kJ mol 1. The effect on photodegradation of pH, added humic material, and dissolved oxygen removal was also investigated. The quantum yield of domoic acid photodegradation in seawater decreased with increasing wavelength and decreasing energy of incoming radiation, with the average value ranging