(临床药理教学课件）遗传因素与临床用药.ppt

非小细胞肺癌的个体化化疗方案 小细胞癌个体化化疗方案 胃癌、食管癌的个体化化疗方案 结直肠癌的个体化化疗方案 乳腺癌的个体化化疗方案 肝癌的个体化化疗方案 宫颈癌的个体化化疗方案 肾癌的个体化化疗方案 头颈癌的个体化化疗方案 Slide 16a: Genes are made up of DNA which is packaged on 46 chromosomes in the cell nucleus. The DNA of the human genome is estimated to contain some three billion nucleotide base pairs, made up of combinations of the four bases: adenine, cytosine, thymine and guanine. Amongst these there are over 3 million (one in every thousand) single base pair changes which differ among individuals. This is known as a single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP. One of the best examples of diagnosi