全球IYCF策略戴.pptVIP

综合行动 各国实施IYCF战略的步骤 确定并动员主要的有关方面，为制定全面战略作准备。 国情评估和分析 初步确定国家目标 确定优先行动 制定国家战略 制定国家行动计划 实施并监测 动员多方参与 IMCI团队 爱婴医院行动倡导者 《守则》倡导者 在职培训 学校教育 母乳喂养/辅食添加咨询员 母乳喂养咨询员 营养学师 产科医生 儿科医生 助产士 HIV-保护和治疗倡导者 科研人员 国际组织 国家政府部门 社区组织 社会团体 促进、保护和支持适宜IYCF行为的基本行动 立法和政策 改进卫生体制，提高卫生工作者技术 改善家庭和社区的行为 3 个月 3 个月 4 个月 5 个月 母乳喂养咨询提高纯母乳喂养率 All differences between intervention and control groups are significant at p0.001. Source: CAH/WHO, work in progress . References available upon request. 年龄 (Haider) (Albernaz) (Morrow) (Jayathilaka) (Haider) 腹泻治疗后2周 母乳喂养咨询培训，2005年3月 * * With regard to the risks and feasibility of early breastfeeding cessation, there is a somewhat common belief/perception among those working in HIV transmission that infants no longer depend on or need breast milk after 6 months of age since they are old enough to consume complementary foods. However, this is clearly not the case. This slide is adapted from data assembled by Kay Dewey and Ken Brown in the WHO state of the art review on complementary feeding, and a recent update. Using data from several countries where breast milk (BM) and complementary food intakes were measured, it is estimated that BM provides more than half of the total nutrient intake for many macro and micronutrients (just a few shown here) at 6-8 and 9-11 months of age. The contribution of BM to total intake is lower but still considerable in the second year of life. Clearly if we make recommendations to stop breastfeeding early, we need to consider the quality of the replacement diet since BM is the major source of nutrition for most infants well beyond 6 months of age. * * * * * * * * * * 婴幼儿喂养全球战略Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) 世界卫生组织儿童卫生合作中心 戴耀华 研究员 背景 目的 现状 行动 为什么需要一个全球战略？ 图1. 2000-2003年全球五岁以下儿童主要死因 新生儿死因 53%五岁以下死亡儿童存在营养不良。 新生儿疾病 -37% 其他-10% 伤害-3% 肺炎-19% 疟疾-8% 麻疹-4% 腹泻-17% HIV/AIDS-3% 其他-7% 破伤风-7% 腹泻-3% 脓毒血症/肺炎-26% 窒息-23% 先天疾病-8% 早产-28% 发展中国家儿童发育迟缓的流行病学 穷