论现行_桥规_中的桩基理论误区和如何设计超长大直径桩基问题.docx

论现行“桥规”中的桩基理论误区和如何设计超长大直径桩基问题殷万寿(中铁大桥局集团有限公司 ,湖北 武汉 430050)摘 要 : 结合几座大桥钻孔桩基础承载力出现不足的实例 ,对现行“桥规”中有关桩基承载力 计算方法进行剖析 ,揭示现有设计与施工技术方面的错误观点与理念 ,指出现行“桥规”中单桩承载 力计算基本理论存在不足 ,建议修改现行“桥规”。在对桩 - 土相互作用和桩在土中的荷载传递原 理进行详细分析的基础上 ,提出要重视临界深度与有效桩长的概念 、摩阻力与端阻力相互影响 、地 基土的抗剪强度并不是桩的承载力 、桩上表皮摩阻力沿桩长分布不是矩形分布等观点 ;提出可用于 计算超长大直径桩单桩承载力的“混合荷载传递法”和“公式直接计算法”,供工程实践中试用 。关键词 : 桥梁基础 ;钻孔灌注桩 ;超长桩 ;桩土互相作用 ;荷载传递 ;摩阻力 ;端阻力 ;沉降量 ;设计中图分类号 : U 443 . 15 ; U 442 . 5文献标志码 : ATheoretic Errors of Pile Foundations in Current“Bridge Codes”and Ways of Design of Very Long and Large Dia meter PilesYI N Wa n2s hou( Chi na Railway Majo r Bridge Engineering Gro up Co . , L t d. , Wuha n 430050 , China)Abstract : Wit h ref e re nce to t he p ractical e xa mp le s of i n sufficie nt ca r r yi ng cap acit y p ro ble mocc ur ri ng i n t he bo red pile fo u ndatio n s of seve ral bridge s , t he releva nt calc ulatio n met ho ds fo r t he ca r r yi ng cap acit y of pile fo u ndatio n s i n t he c ur re nt“bri dge co de s”a re a nal yze d , t he w ro ng view sa nd idea s i n relatio n to t he e xi sti ng de si gn a nd co n st r uctio n t ech nique s a re revealed , t he deficie ncy of t he f u nda me nt al t heo r y fo r calculatio n of t he ca r r yi ng cap acit y of si ngle pile i n t he “bri dge co de s”i s poi nt ed o ut a nd t he co r re spo ndi ng p ropo sal s t hat t he“bri dge co de s”sho ul d be mo difieda re ma de . O n t he ba si s of t he det ailed a nal ysi s of t he p ri ncip le s of pile2soil i nt eractio n a nd loa d t ra n sf e r ri ng of pile s i n soil , t he view s t hat i mpo r t a nce sho ul d be at t ached to t he co ncep t of critical dep t h a nd eff ective pile le ngt h a nd to t he mut ual i nf l ue nce of f rictio nal a nd pile tip re si st a nce a re p ut fo r wa r d a nd t he view s t hat t he shea r st re ngt h of gro und soil do e s no t mea n t he ca r r yi ng ca2 p acit y of t he pile s a nd t he di st ri b utio n of f rictio nal re si st a nce of t he upp e r surf ace p a r t of a p