[经管营销]2b-国际商务英语-大学课件.pptVIP

International Trade Policy Outline Free trade vs. Protectionism Part I Free Trade vs. Protectionism Free trade Free trade is a system of trade policy that allows traders to act and transact without interference from government. According to the law of comparative advantage the policy泳衣品牌permits trading partners mutual gains from trade of goods and services. Comparative Advantage The Law of Comparative Advantage states that each member in a group of trading partners should specialize in and produce the goods in which they possess lowest opportunity costs relative to other trading partners. Features of free trade Trade of goods without taxes (including tariffs) or other trade barriers (e.g., quotas on imports or subsidies for producers) Trade in services without taxes or other trade barriers The absence of trade-distorting policies (such as taxes, subsidies, regulations, or laws) that give some firms, households, or factors of production an advantage over others Free access to markets Free access to market information Inability of firms to distort markets through government-imposed monopoly or oligopoly power The free movement of labor between and within countries The free movement of capital between and within countries Infant industry In economics, an infant industry is a new industry, which in its early stages is unable to compete with established competitors abroad. Governments are sometimes urged to support the development of infant industries, usually through subsidies or tariffs. Protectionism Protectionism is the economic policy of restraining trade between states, through methods such as tariffs on imported goods, restrictive quotas, and a variety of other government regulations designed to discourage imports,泳衣 and prevent foreign take-over of native markets and companies. Protectionism: What It Costs LOST JOBS HIGHER PRICES HIGHER TAXES THE DEBT CRISIS PART II Import Policy What is import tariff? Impor