浙江大学研究生免疫学英文课件2.MHC组织相容性复合物.ppt

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Contents: Introduction Genomic organization of the MHC The genetics of HLA HLA antigen system The functions of HLA (Assembly presentation of peptide-MHC complexes) HLA and Clinic Introduction 1. Histocompatibility The ability to accept grafts between individuals. 2. Histocompatibility antigen (i.e., transplantation Ag) The Ags primarily responsible for rejection of genetically different tissues are known as histocompatibility Ags. 3. Histocompatibility antigen system 4. Major histocompatibility antigen system (MHS) human---- Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) mouse ---- H-2 5. minor histocompatibility antigen system (mHS) 6. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC): A cluster of genes on one chromosome in vertebrate, encoding cell surface molecules that are polymorphic and that code for antigens which lead to rapid graft rejection between members of a single species which differ at these loci. Several classes of protein such as MHC class I and II proteins are encoded in this region. Human MHC molecules (Ag)=HLA HLA complex=human MHC Discovery of the MHC Discovery of the mouse MHC Discovery of the Human MHC Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980 George D. Snell (1/3), Jean Dausset (1/3) Discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions H-genes (histocompatibility genes), H-2 gene Human transplantation antigens (HLA) ----MHC The organization of MHC Inbred mice common strains haplotype BALB/C H-2d DBA/2 H-2d C57BL/6 H-2b C3H/Hej H-2k Recombinant mice HLA complex Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅰ HLA DP DQ DR C4 B C A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? Bf C2 The HLA genes 1. class Ⅰ genes (1) Classical cla