Pulse Width Modulation推荐.pdfVIP

Pulse Width Modulation • • • • • • Application Note 73 Introduction Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is used to manipulate analog circuitry from a digital domain. It is used in many applications because of its low power, noise-free, and low cost features. Applications where PWM is used include control, conversion, and measurement. This application note: • Provides a brief overview of PWM • Describes the QuickLogic PWM implementation Pulse Width Modulation Overview Digital signals are 1 (Vcc) or 0 (Gnd). However, analog signals, in theory, can assume an infinite number of values ranging from Vcc to Gnd. One way to convert digital signals to analog is through the process of averaging voltage over time. Figure 1 shows a PWM of 10% duty cycle. Figure 1: PWM with 10% Duty Cycle Vcc 1 0 1 0 Gnd t t period t duty cycle Duty cycle is the percentage of time when the signal is 1 (Vcc) in respect to the periodicity of the signal, or duty cycle = 100 x (tduty cycle)/tperiod % Averaging the duty cycle voltage over time represents the average analog voltage of the PWM as follows: Vavg = (10%) x Vcc For example, a 10% PWM signal with the Vcc equal to 5 V, translates to: Vavg = (10%) x Vcc Vavg = (0.10) x 5 V V = 0.5 V avg • © 2003 QuickLogic Corporation • 1