初中直接引语和间接引语.docVIP

直接引语和间接引语 一、定义 直接引语：直接引用别人的话,并在原话前后加引号。例：He said: It is too late.间接引语：通过第三者转述别人的话,多数以宾语从句的形式构成。例：He said it was too late.二 直接引语与间接引语的转化1. 标点符号的变化：He said to me, “Don’t live in London!”?= He told me not to live in London. 2. 语序的变化： 疑问语序变为陈述语序。He said to me, “Do you live in London?”= He asked me if/whether I lived in London. 3. 动词的变化： say (to) 在陈述句中多变为tell等词，在疑问句中多变为ask等词，在祈使句中表示命令多变为tell, order等词，表请求时多变为ask等词。He said to me, “Could you please live in London?”?= He asked me if/whether I could live in London.?= He asked me to live in London. 4. 连接词的变化：?陈述句用that连接?He said to me, “I live in London.”= He told me that he lived in London ② 一般（选择，反意）疑问句用if或whether连接 ???He said to me, “Do you live in London?”?= He asked me if/whether I lived in London. ?He asked me, “You live in London, don’t you?”= He asked me if/whether I lived in London.?③ 特殊疑问句仍用原来的特殊疑问词连接 ?He said to me, “When do you live in London?”= He asked me when I lived in London. 注意：转述问句时后面用陈述句语序。He asked me， “What time is it now?”He asked me what time it was then.5. 人称代词的变化：一主（根据引号外的主语变换引号内的人称代词）??Tom said to Kate, “I have finished my homework.”?= Tom told Kate that he had already finished his homework.?② 二宾（根据引号外的宾语变换引号内的人称代词）??Tom said to Kate, “You speak English better than me.”= Tom told Kate that she spoke English better than him.③ 三不变（第三人称不变）??Tom asked Mike, “Does she often come to school late?”. = Tom asked Mike if/whether she often went to school late. ⒍ 指示代词，地点副词，动词, 时间状语的变化指示代词的变化：this—that??? these—those??He said to me, “I’ve known you since you came to this place.”= He told me that he had known me since I went to that place.?② 地点副词的变化：here—there?? now—then?? 动词的变化：come—go??? bring—take???时间状语的变化：today—that day? tonight—that nightyesterday—the day beforeyesterday morning—the morning beforelast week—the week beforenext week—the next weektomorrow—the next daytomorrow morning—the next morning3 days ago—3 days beforethe day after tomorrow—in 2 day’s time? 例： ?He sa