世界第二次世界大战重点全英文版.doc

Hitler Comes to Power Weimar Republic 1919-1923 - Germany was under the government of the Weimar Party, and it was democratic - signed the Treaty of Versaille, agreed to the terms of the war guilt clause as well as the reparations - Germans felt they were stabbed in the back at the hands of their new government Nazi Party - used to be German Workers Party, political right wing, founded in 1920 - Hitler joined because it was nationalistic, and became the leader, changed the party to the Nazi Party Munich Beer Hall Putsch 1923 - the Nazi Party attempted a coup to overthrow the government - Hitler thought he had enough support, but he failed and was put in jail - wrote Mein Kampf (My Struggle) while he was in jail - a crude political testament which set forth his blueprint for the reconstruction of German society and world conquest Depression - 6 million unemployment in German - people listen to different ideas to solve the depression Hyper Inflation - in 1923, prices of goods increases while the currency of German marks decreases, many people went bankrupt - Hitler blamed the Jewish on depression and promised to solve it - on Jan.30/1933, President Hindenberg appointed Adolf Hitler as German Chancellor - Nazi media focused on radio, newspaper, parades and rallys - Hitler was the most popular politician at that time - Hindenberg thought they would watch Hitler and let him solve the depression - by March, Nazi controlled the German parliament Reichstag - parliament of Germany during the second Reich and Weimar Republic - Hitler blamed the Communists on the burning of Reichstag building - convinced Hindenberg to sign the Law for the Protection of the People and State, gave the chancellor power to arrest enemies; civil rights were suspended Enabling Act - removed power of Legislation, no process to pass a law - dictatorship was given to Hitler for 4 years - banned all opposition parties immediately (especially communist) Gleishaltung - complete control over German life