英国Part2.EnglishHistory.doc

英国Part2.English History 一．From Prehistory to the Norman Conquest The Iberians伊比利亚人(approximately 2500 years B.C.) and The Celtic凯尔特人Invasion (about 700 years B.C.—300 years B.C.) The Roman Invasion (55B.C.—410A.D.) ★The results of the Roman Invasion: The Romans occupied England (England became a Roman province in 43 B.C.). Many of the native Celts were driven to mountainous Scotland and Wales. Roman Civilization was introduced into England. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest and the Invasion by the Danes Briefly in Chronological Order 1. In 410, the Germanic (Teutonic) tribes of Angles, Saxons and Jutes (rovers and pirates) arrived from northern Europe. They were invited by the Britons to defend against the Celts. The Celts fled to Wales, Scotland and Ireland.(green patches on the map) Anglo-Saxons brought Old English to England. 5. ★In 829, Egbert埃格伯特, King of Wessex united the 7 kingdoms and became the first King of England. A Turning point in English History: the Norman Conquest 二．The Norman Conquest The Normans (Vikings) P.65 2. The Norman Conquest ★The Norman Conquest is the beginning of the Anglo Norman period—the period of Middle English. William’s (Duke of Normandy) claim to the English crown P.65 The Battle of Hastings P.66 The surrender of London and the Crown of William the Conqueror, the first Anglo-Norman King, in Westminster Abbey on December 25, 1066 P.66 The influence of the Norman Conquest P.66 It sped up the development of feudalism in England. The King strengthened his authority and control of England by The Norman way of life (French civilization) imposed itself on the English people. Many French words and terms were adopted into the English language. The Norman Conquest was the last invasion of England by foreigners. 三．The Great Charter and the Beginning of Parliament 3. King John “Lackland” (1199-1216) P.73 He ruled England in a reckless and tyrannical way and he was the MOST hated king in English histo