matlab之经典GUI文档.doc

rand产生的是0到1(不包括1)的随机数. matlab的rand函数生的是伪随机数,即由种子递推出来的,相同的种子,生成相同的随机数. matlab刚运行起来时,种子都为初始值,因此每次第一次执行rand得到的随机数都是相同的. 1.多次运行,生成相同的随机数方法: 用rand(state,S)设定种子S为35阶向量，最简单的设为0就好 例: rand(state,0);rand(10) 2. 任何生成相同的随机数方法: 试着产生和时间相关的随机数,种子与当前时间有关. rand(state,sum(100*clock)) 即: rand(state,sum(100*clock)) ;rand(10) 只要执行rand(state,sum(100*clock)) ;的当前计算机时间不现,生成的随机值就不现. 也就是如果时间相同,生成的随机数还是会相同. 在你计算机速度足够快的情况下,试运行一下: rand(state,sum(100*clock));A=rand(5,5);rand(state,sum(100*clock));B=rand(5,5); A和B是相同. 所以建议再增加一个随机变量,变成: rand(state,sum(100*clock)*rand(1)); ? ? % 据说matlab 的rand 函数还存在其它的根本性的问题,似乎是非随机性问题. 没具体研究及讨论,验证过,不感多言. 有兴趣的可以查阅: A strong nonrandom pattern in Matlab default random number generator ? Petr SavickyInstitute of Computer ScienceAcademy of Sciences of CRCzech Republicsavicky@cs.cas.czSeptember 16, 2006AbstractThe default random number generator in Matlab versions between 5 and at least7.3 (R2006b) has a strong dependence between the numbers zi+1, zi+16, zi+28 in thegenerated sequence. In particular, there is no index i such that the inequalitieszi+1 1/4, 1/4 zi+16 1/2, and 1/2 zi+28 are satisfied simultaneously. Thisfact is proved as a consequence of the recurrence relation defining the generator. Arandom sequence satisfies the inequalities with probability 1/32. Another exampledemonstrating the dependence is a simple function f with values ?1 and 1, such thatthe correlation between f(zi+1, zi+16) and sign(zi+28 ? 1/2) is at least 0.416, while itshould be zero.A simple distribution on three variables that closely approximates the jointdistribution of zi+1, zi+16, zi+28 is described. The region of zero density in theapproximating distribution has volume 4/21 in the three dimensional unit cube. Forevery integer 1 k 10, there is a parallelepiped with edges 1/2k+1, 1/2k and 1/2k+1,where the density of the distribution is 2k. Numerical simulation confirms that thedistribution of the original generator matches the approximation within small randomerr