高考总复习-----虚拟语气(共22张PPT).ppt

语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。 虚拟语气 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 虚拟语气的概念 　一、虚拟语气在条件句中 　　虚拟条件句 　　　主句 与现在事实相反的假设 与过去相反的假设 与将来相反的假设 If+主语+动词的过去时 （动词be用were) 主语+should,would, might,could＋动词 原形 If+主语+had +过去分词 主语＋should, would, might, could ＋have done 1、If+主语+动词过去时 2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形 3、If+主语+should +动词原形 主语＋should, would might, could＋动词 原形 eg:If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America. 如果我是你，我就会努力学习． 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了． 如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛． If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons. If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him. If it should \were to rain, we would call off the match. More practice: 使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点： １．错综时间条件句 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice just now , you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． 如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了． ２．省略句 若虚拟条件句中有were, should, had时，可省略 if，把were ,had, should 移到主语前．如： If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 注意：若条件句中的谓语动词是否定式时，不能用动词的缩略形式提前，可以把动词提前，把否定词留在原处。例如： If it were not for the expense, I would go abroad now. Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now. (√) Weren’t for the expense, I would go abroad now. (×) 3.含蓄虚拟条件从句 有时只有主句，不出现虚拟条件句，而是用without, with, but for(要不是)等介词短语，或者but, or, otherwise等副词或连词表示虚拟语气。如： We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (……if we hadn’t got your help.) But for your