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演示文稿演讲PPT学习教学课件医学文件教学培训课件
ASTHMA
(BRONCHIAL ASTHMA)
?
哮喘 (支气管哮喘) ;G INA;The key points
1.Definition of Asthma
2.Diagnosis of Asthma
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
LABORATORY TEST
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
3.Treatment of Asthma
;Definition
of
Asthma
(定义);Worldwide Variation in Prevalence of Asthma
International Study of Asthma
Lancet 1998;351:1225;ETIOLOGY and
PATHOGENESIS
OF
ASTHMA
(病因和发病机制);Mechanisms of Asthma;The process of asthmatic attack included:(哮喘发生的条件和过程)
1. The body with allergic constitution:basic condition and prerequisite。
2. Immediate asthmatic reaction, IAR (type I allergic reaction): It takes place immediately after exposed to an antigen, reached to the highest level in 10-30 minutes late, then lasted 1-2 hours. It caused airway constriction.
3. Late asthmatic reaction, LAR(type III and IV allergic reaction): It takes place 3-4 hours after exposed to an antigen, lasted 20-24 hours. It caused airway allergic inflammation.
;(1)Denudationof airway epithelium
(desquamating eosinophlia bronchitis)
(2)Deposition of collagen beneath the basement
membrane
(3)Bronchial membranes edema
(4)Mast cell activation, and infiltration by
inflammatory cells, including neutrophils,
eosinophils, and lymphocytes.
(5)Fibrotic changes in the basement membranes
of the airways,which facilitated the airway
remodeling.;Bronchoconstriction;Inflammation;DIAGNOSIS
OF ASTHMA;CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
1. HISTORY
2. SYMPTOMS
3. SIGNS
;HISTORY:
Allergic history particular allergic rhinitis or exposure to same occupational environments.
?
Recurrent wheeze\ dyspnea\ chest tightness specially at night or in the early morning.
; SYMPTOMS:
(1)Cough (especially nocturnal)
(2)Recurrent wheeze (but absence
of wheezing does not rule out
the diagnosis)
(3)Recurrent dyspnea
(4)Recurrent chest tightness
;(5)Risk factors:
lAirborne chemicals or dusts
lAnimals with fur or feathers
lChanges in weather
lExercise
lHouse-dust m
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