lecture 7：虚拟语气+非谓语动词(week 8).pptVIP

Contents 一、虚拟语气 二、非谓语动词 第一讲 虚拟语气 一、基本结构 1. 三个时态 1）对过去假设 If … had done … , … would (could, should) have done… Eg: If you hadn’t been late for the meeting, you could have met Mr. Johnson. 2）对现在假设 If … did/were … , … would (could, might ) do / be… Eg: If I were you, I would be more careful. If he disappeared, I would take his place. 3）对将来假设 If … should/were to do …, … would (should, could, might) do …. Eg: If she should meet any difficulty, her teacher would help her out. If the meeting were to be canceled, the secretary would inform you. 2.错综时间 Eg: If I had taken my teacher’s advice when I was in middle school, I would be a scientist now. ( 从句对过去假设，主句对现在假设) __________if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand? A. would you be surprised B. Were you surprised C. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised 答案：A (问当下的感受) 3.基本结构倒装――通常为省掉if, 从句倒装 Had I come earlier yesterday, I would have met my good friend. (过去) Were I to die here, I would be dried out by the wind in a day. （将来） Had it not been for his help, we would not have succeeded. （过去） Were it not for gravity, we would float in the air. （现在） Should the job be too difficult, you could ask me for help. （将来） （注意肯定句和否定句倒装时的顺序） 4. 基本结构变体 1）委婉说法 （一半真实，一半虚拟） Eg: He would have called you, but he has been so busy. 还原：If he hadn’t been so busy, he would have called you. 2) 变体的短语，词汇 but for, but that(从句), without, if it hadn’t been for, otherwise 等 eg: Without his help, I wouldn’t be so successful. But for the rain, we would have had a nice holiday. The rain was heavy, otherwise, we would have had a nice day. on condition that, provided that , supposing 等 eg: Provided that you had the opportunity to go abroad, where would you go? 二、Should + 动词原形 凡是表达命令，建议，惊奇，不满，必须，请求 ，希望，意愿等意义的词（动词，名词，形容词）构成的从句, 都用should +动词原形 （should 可以省略） Eg: The government has decided that the present policy (should) be maintained. (宾语从句) The decision