索引典概论与规划-后设资料工作组.PDF

索引典概論與規劃 陳淑君．城菁汝 數位典藏國家型科技計畫後設資料工作組 數位典藏計畫人類學主題小組第十次會議 2005-01-11 索引典概論 知識組織系統 索引典基本原理 知識組織系統之概觀 • 用詞清單 (Term Lists) – 權威檔 (Authority files) –詞彙表 (Glossaries) – 字典(Dictionaries) – 地名詞典 (Gazetteers) • 分類與類目(Classification and Categories) – 主題標目(Subject headings) – 分類表或類目表(Classification Schemes, Taxonomies, and Categorization Schemes) •關聯性清單 (Relationship Lists) – 索引典(Thesauri) –語意網路 (Semantic Networks) – 知識本體(Ontologies) 權威檔 (Authority Files) • Authority Files. Authority files are lists of terms that are used to control the variant names for an entity or the domain value for a particular field. Examples include names for countries, individuals, and organizations. Nonpreferred terms may be linked to the preferred versions. This type of KOS generally does not include a deep organization or complex structure. The presentation may be alphabetical or organized by a shallow classification scheme. A limited hierarchy may be applied to allow for simple navigation, particularly when the authority file is being accessed manually or is extremely large. Examples of authority files include the Library of Congress Name Authority File and the Getty Geographic Authority File. 權威檔 (Authority Files) 權威檔 (Authority Files) 詞彙表 (Glossaries) • Glossaries A glossary is a list of terms, usually with definitions. The terms may be from a specific subject field or from a particular work. The terms are defined within a specific environment and rarely include variant meanings. Examples include the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Terms of the Environment. 詞彙表 (Glossaries) /wya/DigLib/new/Glossary.html 字典(Dictionaries) • A dictionary is a listing or words and phrases