汽车专业英语作者宋进桂汽车专业英语课件section1Chapter23,45课案幻灯片.pptVIP

Chapter 2 Internal Combustion Engine2.3 Engine block and head New Words foundation [faundei∫?n ] n.基础，基地，基金，机座，基础件 accessory [?kses?ri] n.附属品，附件，辅助装置 clutch [kl?t∫] n.离合器 housing [hauzi?] n.外壳， bolt [boult] n.螺栓；v.用螺栓连接 core [k?:] n.核心，铁心，型芯，沙芯，（电缆）芯线 aluminum [?ljumini?m] n.铝 liner [lain?] n.衬套，衬里，衬板 Chapter 2 Internal Combustion Engine2.3 Engine block and head 2.3.1 Engine block The engine block (or cylinder block) serves as a rigid metal foundation for all parts of an engine (Fig.2-4). It contains the cylinders and supports the crankshaft and camshaft. Accessory units and the clutch housing are bolted to it. Blocks are made of either cast iron or aluminum. The cylinder is a round hole formed in the block. It forms a guide for the piston and acts as a container for taking in, compressing, firing, and exhausting the air-fuel charge. Cylinders have been made of both steel and cast iron. Cast iron is by far the most popular. When steel cylinders are desired in an aluminum block, they are installed in the form of cylinder sleeves (round, pipe-like liners), These sleeves may be either cast or pressed into the block. Some engines use removable cylinder sleeves. When the cylinder becomes worn, the old sleeves can be pulled out and new sleeves can be pressed in. Chapter 2 Internal Combustion Engine2.3 Engine block and head Fig.2-4 Cylinder block, cylinder head and camshaft Chapter 2 Internal Combustion Engine2.3 Engine block and head 2.3.2 Cylinder head The cylinder head fastens to the top of the block (Fig.2-4). The underside forms the combustion chamber with the top of the piston. In-line engines of light vehicles have just one cylinder head for all cylinders; larger in-line engines can have two or more. Just as with engine blocks, cylinder heads can be made of cast iron or aluminum alloy. Chapter 2 Internal Combustion Engine2.4 Pistons, Connecting Rods and Crankshaft New Words bearing [b