程伊川与朱子之基本分歧一希腊哲学的视点-中央大学文学院.pdfVIP

中央大學人文學報 第五十五期 2013 年7 月 頁75-105 中央大學文學院 程伊川與朱子之基本分歧 ──一希臘哲學的視點 * 陳 榮 灼 摘 要 傳統以來，於宋明儒學之分派上都只傾向於凸顯程伊川與朱⼦的相 同點，然卻均忽略了兩者其實還有⼀不同的基本分歧。於補救此⼀缺失 上，本⽂⾸先透過⼀種與希臘哲學的對⽐，論證兩者的關係在不少重要 的關鍵上好⽐柏拉圖與亞⾥⼠多德的異同。⼀⽅⾯，與柏拉圖酷似，伊 川採取⼀種「離俗向真」的進路；⽽另⼀⽅⾯，與亞⾥⼠多德相近，朱 ⼦則取徑於「迴真向俗」。其次，雖然伊川已有「常知」與「真知」之區 分，但本⽂將論證：只有朱⼦⽅能進⼀步緊扣「情知」以論「常知」之 可能性。最後，本⽂將指出：與伊川仍囿於「道德之情」不同，朱⼦已 能進致「倫理之情」的開出。 關鍵詞：程伊川、朱⼦、柏拉圖、亞⾥⼠多德 * 加拿大布洛克大學哲學系教授（wchan@brocku.ca ） 投稿日期：101.11.12 ；接受刊登日期：102.07.31 ；最後修訂日期：102.08.08 75 National Central University Journal of Humanities Vol. 55, July 2013, pp. 75-105 College of Liberal Arts, National Central University On the Essential Distinctions between Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi — From the Standpoint of Greek Philosophy * Wing-cheuk Chan Abstract In the traditional typology of Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism, there is a tendency in neglecting the essential distinction between Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi, despite their belonging to the same school. In order to overcome such a limitation, this paper first of all tries to show that their difference can be clarified in terms of the contrast between Plato and Aristotle at certain key junctures. Secondly, it will argue th at although the distinction between “general knowledge” and “true knowledge” was introduced by Cheng Yi, only with Zhu Xi’s identification of “general knowledge” as “knowing by feeling” that its possibility can be well-grounded. Finally, it will show that with his affirmation of ethical feel