简谈半导体外文翻译.doc.doc

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简谈半导体外文翻译.doc

  简谈半导体外文翻译 简谈半导体外文翻译导读:aemores567 附 录 附录A:外文资料翻译—原文部分 Semiconductor A semiconductor is a solid material that has electrical conductivity betanently or dynamically.[1] Semiconductors are important in electronic technology. Semiconductor devices, electronic ponents made of semiconductor materials, are essential in modern consumer electronics, including puters, mobile phones, and digital audio players. Silicon is used to create most semiconductors mercially, but dozens of other materials are used. Bragg reflection in a diffuse lattice A second e ber of electrons fills up exactly all states belos. The split states form a covalent bond ostly in bets. Adding more atoms noore bonds. This is the ed by lifting one electron from the los as easy as electrons are odel is most unsuitable to explain hooothly. Energy bands and electrical conduction Like in other solids, the electrons in semiconductors can have energies only ic nuclei of the material, and the free electron energy, the material. The energy bands each correspond to a large number of discrete quantum states of the electrons, and most of the states iconductors and insulators are distinguished from metals because the valence band in the semiconductor materials is very nearly full under usual operating conditions, thus causing more electrons to be available in the conduction band. The ease iconductor can be excited from the valence band to the conduction band depends on the band gap beticonductors and insulators. In the picture of covalent bonds, an electron moves by hopping to a neighboring bond. Because of the Pauli exclusion principle it has to be lifted into the higher anti-bonding state of that bond. In the picture of delocalized states, for example in one dimension that is in a e more s 5 6 7 简谈半导体外文翻译(2)导读:onstobethechargecarriers,butsomemetalshaveamostlyfilledconductionband,andtheHalleffectrevealspositivechargecarriers,econductorslikesolutionsofsalts,orplasma.Inthecaseofametal,onlyasmallamountofenerg tates

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