Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) - EECS Instructional 异步传输模式（ATM）- EECS教学.pptVIP

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) EE290F 22 April 2004 Shanna Crankshaw ATM – definition A transfer mode in which information is organized into cells; it is asynchronous in the sense that the recurrence of cells containing information from an individual user is not necessarily periodic. What is it really? Low-level network layer—above physical layer, below AAL (ATM adaptation layer) Single transport mechanism for different types of traffic (voice, data, video, etc.) Streamlined protocol, minimal error and flow control capabilities Fixed packet size = ATM cell Simplified processing, management Synchronous Transfer Mode Pre-assigned “slots,” frame boundaries, global timing Slots identified by position from the start of the frame BW allocated in units of slots Idle slots wasted Efficient for Constant Bit Rate traffic Contrast with STM “Bandwidth on demand”—Slots assigned on demand, users take any empty slot Nothing pre-assigned, no global timing Slot ? Cell, fixed size of 53 bytes Arbitrary bit rates: can support T-1 using CBR, voice/video using real-time VBR, IP-based traffic using ABR and UBR, etc. Each cell must be self-identifying (overhead) ATM cell contents Header – 5 bytes General Flow Control (GFC) – traffic control for different QoS, alleviates short-term overloads VPI – routing field for network VCI – routing to/from user Payload type Cell loss priority (CLP) Header error control (HEC) – can correct single bit errors in header Information – 48 bytes PT coding 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 ATM Cells Small size, may reduce queuing delay of high priority cells Fixed size, more efficient switching VC’s are not always VC’s Virtual Channel Transmission is connection-oriented VC set up by some signaling protocol before any cells can be sent Virtual Path Connection (VPC), bundle of VCC’s Logical connections VPC = bundle of VCC’s with the same endpoints ? all switched together Network management of group of connections, not many individual ones Setup time is for