Atomic Emission Spectroscopy - Faculty - Clayton State University原子发射光谱-教师-克莱顿州立大学.pptVIP

- Limited to analysis of solids of trace elements Matrix Effect - Emission intensity of trace elements is greatly affected by the matrix Spectral Interference - Two types - Background interference and line overlap - Background is due to thermal radiation, molecular emission, and polyatomic species INTERFERENCE IN ARC SPARK - Qualitative identification of elements - Also used for quantitative analysis APPLICATIONS OF ARC SPARK Plasma - State of matter that contains electrons, ions, neutral species, and radicals - Highly energetic ionized gas - Electrically conductive - Affected by a magnetic field PLASMA EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY Excitation Sources - Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) – operates at radiofrequency - Direct Current Plasma (DCP) - Helium Microwave Induced Plasma (MIP) - Temperature in plasma excitation source is between 6500 K and 10000 K PLASMA EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY Dispersion Devices Sequential spectrometer systems - One wavelength is measured at a time Simultaneous systems - Contains either a polychromator or an Echelle spectrometer - Measures multiple wavelengths at the same time Combination systems - Consists of both polychromators and monochromators PLASMA EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY Detectors - PMTs - CIDs - Segmented Array CCD (SCD) PLASMA EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY Nebulizers - Concentric - Cross-flow - Babington: the V-groove is used for ICP - Microconcentric or direct insertion nebulizer (DIN) - Untrasonic nebulizer (USN) PLASMA EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY Spectral Interference - Much more common in plasma than in flame Nonspectral Interference Chemical Interference - Rare in plasma emission due to efficiency of atomization Ionization Interference - Results in suppression and enhancement of signals from easily ionized elements (EIE: alkali metals) INTERFERENCE IN PLASMA EMISSION - For analysis of environmental samples, geological samples, clinical samples - For characterization of metal alloys, glasses, ceramics, polymers, o