Human Factors for Input Devices输入装置的人的因素.pptVIP

Human Factors for Input Devices CSE 510 Richard Anderson Ken Fishkin Today’s lecture Input devices Restrict attention to mechanical input devices Mice Keyboards Pens What are issues relating to input? How do you evaluate different devices? Input devices What is the goal of an input device? Natural metrics Efficiency Accuracy How many input devices? What makes one input device better than another? What makes an input device easy to use? Toleration of Delays How fast is fast enough? Job completion times Effect of execution on completing a job Response time RSI Repetitive Strain Injury What is it? What causes it? How to avoid it? Keyboard facts Pointer Facts Stylus Facts Device issues Efficiency of completing task Speed Accuracy Speed vs Accuracy What does the curve look like Where are you on the curve? Adoption Learning curve Novice Intermediate Expert Socio-economic issues Variety of users Advantages of general adoption Inertia Cost of change outweighs benefits of change Evaluation of input devices Is it possible to rigorously evaluate input devices? Study performance of atomic tasks with specific devices. Look for measures of complexity Predictive? Comparative? Models of actions and devices Fitts’ law A tasks movement difficulty is given by ID = log2(2A / W) ID – index of difficulty A – amplitude of the move W – width of the target region Experiment Standard experiment Compute Movement Time (MT) for range of A’s and W’s Plot ID vs. MT Computer linear fit MT = a + b ID Extremely good fit in empirical tests But plenty of room for criticism Issues High correlations have been reported E.g., r = .992, MT = 53 + 148 ID Sometimes the intercept have been large E.g., r = .91, MT = 1030 + 96 ID The model breaks down if W 2A So maybe use ID = log2(A/W + 1) What does the law say? Relative accuracy determines difficulty Comparison of Pie menus and linear menus? Where the law breaks Large distances ? inch target at 1 inch vs ? mile target at 1 mile Small distances