父母同伴依恋问卷IPPA的因素结构分析：一项关于意大利青少年的调查.ppt

2. Method 2.1. Participants The participants consisted of 1059 volunteers; 574 females and 402 males (83 participants did not report their gender). They were middle or high school Italian students, ranging in age from 13 to 18 years old (mean = 15.66, SD = 1.59). All participants belonged predominately to middle to upper socio-economic status and lived with both parents. 2.2. Instrument IPPA (Armsden and Greenberg ,1989)，three forms for mother, father, and peer, each consisting of 25 items. In each form, the item format was a ?ve-point Likert scale: 1 (almost always