复旦大学《组胚学》教学-IMMUNE SYSTEM-2016-liang chunmin.pptVIP

Introduce myself…;Immune system;The lymphatic system is composed of 1. lymphatic vessels ;1. Cells of Adaptive Immunity; Humoral immune response： B cells →antibodies Cell-mediated immune response ： 　　　CTLs → attack and lyse foreign cells;2.1 Cell-mediated Immunity;Cell-mediated Immunity;2.2 Humoral Immunity;3. Cytokines;4. Lymphoid Tissue;A three-dimensional framework of recitular fibers supports the cells of lymphoid tissue and lymphoid organs. R: reticular cells— fibroblast-like, extend numerous processes M: macrophages T: trabeculae (areas in which the fiber meshwork is denser);5. Lymphoid Organs5.1 Thymus5.2 Tonsil5.3 Lymphoid nodes 5.4 Spleen;; Thymus originates from the embryo’s third pair of pharyngeal pouches With precursor lymphoblasts circulated from Bone Marrow Fully formed and functional at birth, active in T-cell production until puberty After the involution, the thymus shows only small regions of lymphoid tissue  embedded in adipose tissue. Showing connective of the capsule and septa between thymic lobules Each thymic lobule contains outer cortex and incompletely seperated medulla;5.1.1 Cortex of Thymus;5.1.2 Three major types of TECs in thymus;5.1.3 Blood-thymus barrier; Concentrically arranged by large aggregates of TECs Up to 100 μm in diameter Unique morphological character of medulla in thymus These cells secret several cytokines that control the development of dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T cells(Tregs), for peripheral tolerance ;5.1.5 Role of the thymus in T cell maturation Selection;Negative selection(Self-antigen);Key points in science research related to Thymus: Immunosenescence ;Immunosenescence ;Immunosenescence ;Tonsils are large, irregular masses of lymphoid tissue in the mucusa of posterior oral cavity and nasopharynx Named by location: Palatine, Lingual,and Pharyngeal tonsils;A section showing several lymphoid nodules (LN), -collectively cover