专题九 非谓语动词-英语学习参考资料.pptVIP

6. make oneself + done I can’t make myself understood because my broken English. 7. When/While/Although/Though + doing While playing the piano, she got very excited. 这种连词＋分词的用法必须在主，从句主语一致的情况下才能使用． 1. 要注意过去分词作状语和现在分词的被动结构(being done)做状语所表示的时间概念. Used as a tool, a dictionary is very necessary for us. Being used, this dictionary can’t be lent to anyone. 注意:现在分词的被动式除了表被动还表进行. 关于非谓语动词应注意的几个问题: 2.现在分词完成时的被动结构(having been done)作状语,同过去分词在时间和动作关系上完全相同,可互换,常用的是过去分词.如： Having been shown the lab, we were taken to visit the dining-room. =shown the lab, we were taken to visit the dining-room. 3. 能够充当表语的过去分词在句中作状语, 它表示的是它的逻辑主语所处的状态而非被动关系. 这时只用过去分词,其前不能再加being. 如: Lost in thought, he didn’t notice us come in. Being lost in thought, he didn’t notice （×）…. Dressed in red, we picked her out easily in the crowd. Being dressed in red, we picked （×） 4.非谓语动词在句中作状语,它只是句子中的一个成分,所以,在非谓语动词和句子之间,不可以用并列连词. Standing on top of the mountain, and you can see the town more clearly. (×) Having been there many times, so he didn’t come to school. (×) 5.非谓语动词的否定一律是在非谓语前加not , 如: You regret not having taken the doctor’s advice, do you? Not given enough care, the tree died. He set out early so as not to be late for the meeting. 6.独立(主格)结构/悬垂分词 分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致，但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为分词独立(主格)结构,可在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步,方式或伴随情况等状语.如： It being very hot, we went swimming yesterday. =Because it was very hot, we went…. Their homework finished, the boys went out to play. =When their homework had been finished, the boys He stood at the door, his hand (being) on his son’s shoulder. (当分词是being可省略) 7. with的复合结构 有时可以在独立主格前面加上介词with/without,构成with/without +复合宾语结构。 1) with+ 名／代词 +形容词词组词组 The stone with the door widely open sells fruits. 2) with+ 名／代词 +副词词组 The house with all the lights on in mine. 3）with+ 名／代词 +介词词组 We used to work in a town with rivers around it. 4） with+ 名／代词 +过去分词词组 With the problem settled, the computer restarted. 6) with+ 名／代词 +不定式词组 Mary can’t go for a walk