软件架构复习笔记5.docxVIP

软件架构复习笔记(5) -- 设计模式20 Jun 2012At NJU普通 Programming to Interface 有哪些手段？集合类型?PTI?有那些手段普通：模块化信息隐藏普通情况下的Programming to Interface最需要的是低耦合（即基于方法调用的耦合：控制耦合、印记耦合和数据耦合），进一步需要信息隐藏（通过方法表现外部行为，同时隐藏内部实现）集合类型：Iterator PatternProxy PatternPrototype Pattern?OCP?有那些手段（提示：不只是继承）Be open for extension: module’s behavior can be extendedBe close for modification: source code for the module must not be changesAggregationDynamic Binding: PolymorphismRuntime registration: Event StyleStartup binding: Configration filesLoad Binding: Component replacementAdherence to defined protocals无论是哪一种绑定，或者什么，都必须在设计或使用的时候遵循某一种接口或者是规范。Modifiability TacticsLoclaize change:Semantic coherenceAnticipate expected changeGeneralize moduleLimit possible optionAbstract common servicePrevention of ripple effectHide informationMaintain existing interfaceRestrict communication pathsUse an intermediaryDefer binding time:Runtime registrationConfiguration filesPolymorphismComponent replacementAdherence to defined protocals一个模块的信息隐藏有哪两种基本类型，各自有哪些处理手段？两种决策类型：需求：即一个模块的接口功能与模块内部程序细节的分离给出功能接口，隐藏功能实现程序的细节basic secrete: external behavior VS internal implementationhides the implementation of an important design decisionEspecially if there is a list of all possible design changes is made – hiding assumption listall design decisions are independent of each other使用facade使用controller都是增加一个中间的东西来是接口和内部细节分离变化：将要发生变化的程序部分需要进行一个决策给出需要修改部分的接口，隐藏待修改部分的实现程序细节additional secrets: changesYou then separate each design secret by assigning it to its own class, subroutine, or other design unit.Next you isolate (encapsulate) each secret so that if it does change, the change doesn’t affect the rest of the program.strategy pattern / state pattern / bridge pattern共性，可变性实现共性与可变性有哪些手段？对给定的场景，给出共性与可变性的设计方案，将继承和聚合搞好手段：聚合，继承（多态）在解决De-Coupling时，常常使用哪些Indirection的手段？提示：对给定场景给出Indirection的解决方案（从常见模式来考虑）Avoiding Repetition: DO it OnceDIP?defining a interface in a module that a separate module intends to implement is fundamental way to break dependencies and r