口腔种植学精品教学（中山大学）种植常见考点总结.docVIP

种植常见考点总结 Presented by Kurtis.D in 2011 Part 1, introduction of implantology Implant denture: It is a restoration supported by an implant, one kind of metamaterials, which is set into the alveolar bone to form the osseointegration between bone and implant surface. Osteointegration: It is the integration at the surface of implant and bone. The implant and bone contact directly. It is the key of retention and success of implant. Intraosseous implant: It is the implant that implanted in the bone tissue, it can be leaf-shape or root-shape. Advantage of implant Better mastication No destruction of natural teeth Small and comfortable Better outlook Do not need a big surgery Prevent absorption of alveolar bone The component of implant denture Implant Subperiosteal implant Endosseous implant Shoulder Restoration crown Part 2, anatomy Anatomy of mental foramen Mental foramen is located on mandible and near the apex of the second premolar. On dental radiographs, mental foramen appears as a small circle next to the premolar root. The mental branch exits through it. Part 3, material and indication Platform switching: 肩台的交界面微隙从肩台两侧向内转移，使骨可以生长在种植体肩台上，持久有效地保存了骨组织，进而保存了软组织，有利于形成牙龈乳头，达到完美的修复效果。 Requirement of implant material Good biocompatibility Can form good osteointegration with bone Good physical and chemical stability No toxic or allergic to human body The surface preparation of titanium and its characteristics Rough surface Increase the superficial area for osteointegration. TPS surface Use titanium powder on the surface. SLA surface SLActive Chemical active surface TiUnite surface Oxide surface OSSEOTITE surface Rough surface formed by acid atching NanoTite surface Indication and contraindication of immediate implant Indication: 带有少量骨丧失的外伤性失牙 根折需拔除的坏牙 广泛龋坏,不能治疗的牙体患牙 无溢脓的牙周病牙 无手术禁忌证的全身疾患 Contraindication: 拔牙时有溢脓 相邻软组织有蜂窝织炎或肉芽者 拔牙创缺乏足够的骨质者 有不利的解剖结构,阻碍义齿修复者 失牙位于或靠近下颌神经管、上颌窦、鼻孔等不利的解剖位置且种植时可能损伤者 有不利于伤口愈合的全身疾患者 有不良口腔卫生习惯但不能纠正者 Part 4, design Passive fit: 种植体各部件之间，种植体与义齿之间不须施力便可就位