牙周病学精品教学（中山大学）牙周常见考点总结.docVIP

牙周常见考点总结 Presented by Kurtis.D in 2011 Part 1, basic theory of periodontology The marginal gingival, or unattached gingival is the terminal edge of border of the gingival surrounding the teeth in collar like fashion. The attached gingival is continuous with the marginal gingival. It is firm, resilient and tightly bound to the underlying periosteum of alveolar bone. The interdental gingival occupies the gingival embrasure which is the interproximal space beneath the area of tooth contact. Gingival sulcus is the shallow crevice or space around the tooth bounded by the surface of the tooth on one side and the epithelium lining the free gingival on the other. The mucogingival junction is the junction that demarcate the attached gingival and alveolar mucosa. Risk: the likelihood the a person will get a disease in a specified time period. Risk factors: the characteristics of individuals that place them at increased risk for getting a disease. Biological width: It is the dimension of the soft tissue from the alveolar bone to the apical extent of the junctional epithelium. In the average patient, this 2 to 3 mm distance remains constant in health and disease. Dental plaque: It is the soft deposits that form the biofilm adhering to the tooth surface or other hard surfaces in the oral cavity, including removable and fixed restorations. It is the initiator of periodontal disease. Subgingival plaque: it can be classified into tooth-associated and non-attached. Gingival crevicular fluid: It is the fluid that seeps into the gingival sulcus from the gingival connective tissue through the thin sulcular epithelium. Functions: clean the material from the sulcus; contain plasma that may improve adhesion of the epithelium to the tooth; possess antimicrobial properties; exert antibody activity to defend the gingival. Dental calculus: It is a hard deposit and consists of mineralized bacterial plaque that forms on the surfaces of natural teeth and dental prosthesis. It is generally covere