CultureClassHistory2【英美文化概况4】.pptVIP

Viking Britain Medieval Britain Another new era: The Norman French rule Medieval Britain “Edward the Confessor” of??England) died in 1066, after a reign of 23 years. Leaving no heirs, Edwards passing ignited a three-way rivalry for the crown that culminated in the Battle of Hastings and the destruction of the Anglo-Saxon?rule of England. Saxon England didnt have any firm rules about who should be King. Basically, when a king died, the crown passed to whoever could: a) show that they had some sort of blood claim, and b) grab the throne before anyone else got it. Medieval Britain 1066 – The Battle of Hastings: A Norman army against an English army The invading Normans defeat the Saxons – William of Normandy (William the Conqueror) defeats Harold (shot between the eyes with an arrow) 1070 – Work starts on Canterbury Cathedral 1078 – Work starts on The Tower of London (oldest building used by the British government) 1086 – The Domesday Book is compiled, a complete inventory of Britain 1135 – Civil war after Henry I dies between his nephews and daughter – No strong leader until 20 years later when Henry II becomes king (great-grandson of William the Conqueror) 1167 – Oxford University founded 1170 – Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas a Becket is murdered by the knights of Henry II 1170 – Population of London exceeds 30,000 for the first time Medieval Britain Medieval Britain William the Conqueror Started the Norman rule of England (lasts until 1154) Five steps to control England: Destroyed all who resisted his rule Established a centralized government ruled by Normans (“shires”) Appointed tax collectors, judges, troop leaders, etc. Developed a royal treasury and claimed possession of all land Allied with the Roman Catholic Church Medieval Britain Medieval Britain Medieval Britain Medieval Britain 1199-1216 – King John He lost control of Normandy, and tried to recoup taxes by taxing his barons. Barons become angry and make King John sign the Magna Carta. 1215 – The