组织学与胚胎学e12.pptVIP

Urinary system General outline Renal anatomic structure Renal histological structure Structure of Renal corpuscle: Functions of Renal corpuscle: Renal tubules: Proximal tubule thin segment Distal tubule Collecting tubules: Juxtaglomerular apparatus: Juxtaglomerular cells Macular densa Extraglomerular mesangial cells Features of renal blood circulation Micturition organs located in a triangle area at the vascular pole of the renal corpuscles consist of juxtaglomerular cells, macular densa and extraglomerular mesangial (polar cushion) cells function: control water and electrolyte balance; regulate blood pressure; produce erythropoietin Juxtaglom-erular apparatus smooth muscle cells of the afferent arteriole transform into the epithelial cells cytoplasm: a few myofibrils; PAS-positive granules contained renin; abundant RER, ribosomes and well developed Golgi apparatus; function: secrete renin and erythropoietin Juxtaglomerular cell transformed from the cells of distal tubule which near the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle the cells become taller and narrow, arranged compactly; pale cytoplasm; nuclei located at the apex a chemical (Na+ ) sensor Macular densa resemble the intraglomerular mesangial cells gap junctions between the component of the juxtaglomerular apparatus transmit information * * component urinary organs: kidneys micturition organs: ureter, bladder and urethra function discharge metabolite regulate the balance of water and electrolyte endocrine function: renin, erythropoietin, prostaglandin Fibrosa Parenchyma Cortex Cortical labyrinth Medullary ray Medulla Renal pyramids Renal columns nephron Renal corpuscles collecting duct juxtaglomerular apparatus Renal tubules Glomerulus Bowman’s capsule Kidney Renal cortex Renal medulla Glomerulus afferent arteriole capillary network mesangial cells effere