翻译实践课件ppt-5词义转译法.pptVIP

词义转译法 第4课 Main contents I:英汉选词 II: 转译为动词、名词、形容词 III: 名词、介词、副词等的转译 IV: 句子成分的转换 V：商务英语中的词类转译 I: 英汉选词特点 1）研究表明:英语的名词在词汇中占有绝对优势,名词来表达动作概念, 动名词的兼类,名词后缀。 2) 英语介词是英语中非常重要的一种“功能词”英语介词不仅数量多(大约280 多个) ,而且与其他词类的搭配灵活(名词、代词、动名词、从句）,,词汇意义丰富。 3) 副词的用法非常多，在句子中的位置也比较灵活。 This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high- energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.  译文：这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏使农业难以以高能量消耗这种美国耕作形式继续下去了，而这种耕作方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。 (副词particularly、名词energy转为形容词，形容词possible转为名词，介词with转为动词。)  II. 4类词转译为动词（1名词） 1）动词+名词后缀，在政论文中出现较多。 Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs. 2）动名词兼类（在记叙、描写文体中出现较多），可以译成动词。 On the walk through the city they saw breadlines. A view of Mt.Fuji can be obtained from here. 3)含动作意味的 –er Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young man’s past wrong doings. He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker. 4)作为习语主体的名词 The next news bulletin, shorter than usual, made no mention of the demonstration. The party branch secretary showed great concern for the students health. 转译为动词(2介词，表时间地点） We drove home a bit after midnight, over the river and through the lovely old sleeping town. The judge sat in the dining-room amid his morning mail. 转译为动词(3副词） As he ran out, he forgot to have his shoes on. That day he was up before sunrise. She opened the window to let fresh air in. 转译为动词（4形容词，表心理状态） Doctors have said that they’re not sure they can save his life. They are suspicions and resentful of him. II. 动词转译为名词 1）名词+动词后缀 Formality has always characterized their relationship. To them, he personified the absolute power. 2) 动名词兼类 On that day they were escorted to the Great Wall of China. Most U.S. spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth’s atmosphere after completing their missions. 3