个别行为基础.pptVIP

Class2 Foundations of Individual Behavior I.Biographical Characteristics II.Ability III.Personality IV.Learning Dependent Variable Productivity -------(job performance) Absenteeism Turnover Job satisfaction * I.Biographical Characteristics 1.Age Age-Turnover:The older you get,the less likely you are to quit your job. Absenteeism:Inversely related? Older -- higher rates of unavoidable absence Productivity declines with age? Unrelated Satisfaction:Most--positive association;U-Shaped.Professionals:continually increase; Nonprofessionals:falls during middle age ,--rise * I. 2.Gender There is no significant difference in job Productivity between males and females. No evidence indicates gender affects Job satisfaction Absenteeism,women have higher rates of--. Family ,Time bound? Turnover,mixed evidence.Some found females to have higher---;no difference * I. 3.Marital Status No enough studies on--- Productivity Married employees have fewer Absences, less Turnover,more Job satisfaction ?Question of causation, ?Other statuses besides single or married,divorced or widow. * I. 4.Number of dependents No enough studies on--- Productivity Positively correlated with Absence,esp. F.; Job satisfaction Turnover:mixed result.Some indicate that children increase turnover;other lower. * I. 5.Tenure Productivity,seniority isn’t a good predictor, past perf. related to output in new position negatively related to Absenteeism (frequency,days off), Turnover satisfaction: are positively related. More consistent and stable predictor that age. * II.Ability1. Intellectual Ability dimensions Number aptitude--speedy accurate arithmetic Verbal Comprehension--read,heard,words Perceptual speed--Fire investigator Inductive reasoning Deductive reasoning Spacial visualization---interior decorator Memory--Sale