别性角色定向对团队图式影响.pptVIP

团队图式的性别角色定向效应：对美国一所联邦卫生保健机构指标的多变量分析 The Effects Of Gender Role Orientation On Team Schema: A Multivariate Analysis Of Indicators In a U.S. Federal Health Care Organization ROBERT F. SCHERER College OF Business Wright State University 莱特州立大学商学院 JOSEPH A. PETRICK Department of Management Wright State University 莱特州立大学管理系 The Journal of Social Psychology Vol 141 No. 1 Feb, 2001 * 性别角色定向:是个人对一种标准预期的接受或排斥,这种预期就是一定社会环境下对男性或女性行为的义务、责任和规则的假定。 Gender role orientation may be conceptualized as an individuals acceptance or rejection of the “normative expectations about the duties, responsibilities ,and rules for behavior in specific situations that men and women in a given society should assume” 一个传统型性别角色定向的人较多的是对这种标准预期的接受，而非传统型性别角色定向的人则更多的是对这种标准预期的排斥。 * 图式：是一种从原有经验发展而来的知识 结构，用来组织新的信息和增进共同的理解 A schema is a knowledge structure developed from past experience that organizes new information and facilitates shared understanding 当不同心理性别的成员进入一个团队，其心理性别和团队图式会指导他们作为团队成员的一些假设、预期和行为。 * 性别图式和自我图式两种理论,被用来解释为什么有些人比其他人更愿意用生理和心理性别作为分类、处理和评价信息的基础。 Two theories—gender schema theory and self-schema theory—have been proposed to explain why some people are more likely to use biological sex and psychosocial gender as the basis for categorizing, assimilating, or evaluating information. * 根据心理性别图式理论，具有性别图式意味着自发地将原因和行为归于与心理性别有关的范畴，而不考虑与性别无关的其他可行的范畴 According to gender schema theory, being gender schema means spontaneously sorting attributes and behaviors into categories related to gender, despite viable alternative categories unrelated to gender. * 根据自我图式理论，一个在某一领域具有图式的人能够被认为是在该领域属于“专家”型的人 According to self-schema theory, a person who is schematic in a particular area can be thought of as an “expert” within that domain. 两种理论最大的不同在于，自我图式理论认为个体只有在与自我相关的特定状态时才会具有性别图式。The biggest distinction betwe