电子技术综合训练课程设计报告-小功率直流电机控制器设计与制作汇.doc

电子技术综合训练 设计报告 题目：小功率直流电机控制器设计与制作 姓 名： 学 号： 班 级： 同组成员： 指导老师： 日 期： 摘要 直流电机以其优良的性能应用于当代社会的各行各业中，而直流电机控制器的优劣直接影响了直流电机的使用。对于小功率直流电机控制器，应能实现对电机的正反转控制和无级调速控制。用H桥可实现电机的正、反转控制。通过对多谐振荡器的占空比调节产生PWM波形，用PWM方式实现对电机的无级调速控制。为方便使用，在控制器中增加了测速系统。利用光电转换装置将电机转速转换为脉冲电信号，用计数器对采集到的脉冲电信号进行计量，最后用寄存器对输出信号锁存并加译码器和数码管进行译码显示。整个设计利用Multisim软件进行仿真测试，最后进行电路板的焊接与调试。 关键词：直流电机控制器 H桥 PWM控制 转速检测 目录 1 设计任务和要求·····················································4 1.1 设计任务·························································4 1.2 设计要求·························································4 2 系统设计·····························································4 2.1 系统要求·························································4 2.2 方案设计·························································4 2.3 系统工作原理·····················································4 3 单元设计·····························································5 3.1 电源模块··························································5 3.1.1 电路结构及工作原理···········································5 3.1.2 电路仿真·······················································6 3.1.3 元器件的选择及参数确定·······································6 3.2 PWM调速模块·····················································6 3.2.1 电路结构及工作原理···········································6 3.2.2 电路仿真······················································8 3.2.3 元器件的选择及参数确定······································9 3.3 H桥模块···························································10 3.3.1电路结构及工作原理···········································10 3.3.2电路仿真·······················································11 3.3.3元器件的选择及参数确定·······································12 3.4 光电转换模块·······················································12 3.4.1电路结构及工作原理············································12 3.3.2元器件的选择及参数确定·······································13 3.5 测速模块··················