南卡罗来纳州可再生能源的可行性分析 59p.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Comments on Landfill Gas to Energy Landfill gas for electric generation is likely the lowest cost renewable energy option in the state. Opportunities to develop projects at almost all of the state’s MSW landfills (53 MW), along with expansions at existing sites (16.6 MW), for a total of almost 70 MW of additional capacity over time. Size of development will depend on level of waste disposal, build-out of gas collection systems, and methane production at each site currently and in the future. Some sites may face competition with direct-use applications of the landfill gas. LandfillGas Hydro Description Hydroelectric generation has been in existence for over a century. It involves the conversion of kinetic hydro energy to electricity by turning a turbine. Mature Technologies Conventional with Impoundments Small Hydro (1 to 30 MWa) Low Power (Conventional) (1 MWa) Emerging Developments Low power (Unconventional) (1 MWa) Microhydro (100 kW) Ocean (Tidal, Wave, Current): Highly site specific for tidal energy, some demonstration projects, but technological issues related to salt water and fish avoidance still need to be resolved. National Installed Capacity: 78,700 MW* SC Installed Capacity: ~3400 MW* Hydro Station * Estimates based on compilation of data from sources including Energy Information Agency, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, and other web-based sources. Summary of Hydroelectric Potential ? Assumed Capacity Factor Technical Potential (MW) Practical Potential* (MW) Practical Generation (GWh) Notes 5 MW Conventional 25% 169.1 0.0 0.0 Impoundments at sites listed have not been verified as existing. 1-5 MW Conventional 25% 15.9 3.5 7.7 Only two sites have been verified with existing impoundments. 1-30 MWa New Small Hydro** N/A 153.0 100.0 876.0 Assumes top 15 of 45 sites are practical based on penstock len