初三语法复习-名词.docVIP

(一) 规则变化 1. 一般情况加s如：pen-pens, doctor-doctors, boy-boys 2. 在以s, sh, ch, x结尾的名词后面加es如：bus-buses, class-classes, 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，将y变为i再加es 如：factory-factories, country -countries, family-families以元音字母加-y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s如：boy-boys, monkey-monkey 4. 以o结尾的名词的复数形式一般加es，如果o前面是元音字母或外来词，以o结尾只加s如：tomato-tomatoes, hero-heroes, photo-photos, radio-radios, piano-pianos 歌谣：一个黑人negro英雄hero，在土豆patato地里检西红柿tomato加-es.其余加-s 5. 以f或fe结尾的名词的复数形式要去f或fe为v再加es歌谣：树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄, 妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)上山冈. 书架(shelf)后面窜出一只狼(wolf)， 好像强盗(thief)逃命(life)忙.man-men, woman-women, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, goose-geese, policeman-policemen 2. 单复同形fish, sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, means 3. 只有复数形式people, police, trousers, scissors, clothes, glasses 4. 两个名词组成的名词词组常在最后一个名词加sboy students, banana trees 但是前面一个名词是woman，man，名词man driver---men drivers, woman doctor---women doctors, sportsshoes 5. 以s结尾但做单数名词hysics, maths, politics, Niagara Falls,?news 6. 集合名词指整体，为单数，如指集合体中的个体为复数family, class, team 7. 物质名词如要加计量时，一定要加量词two cups of tea, two glasses of water 8. 关于“国人”的复数 Englishman-Englishmen，Frenchman- Frenchmen, Chinese, Japanese单复数同形. 其他国家人加s名词所有格 1. 有生命名词的所有格其单数形式是加s其复数形式是s，如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加s a students room, students rooms, Childrens Day. 2. 在表示时间、距离、世界、国家……加’s twenty minutes walk， the worlds population; 3. 加’s at uncle Wangs （王叔叔家） at the doctors（医院或私人诊所） Mary and Jones house（共同的家） Marys and Jones houses（Mary的家与Jone 的家） 4. 无生命名词用of结构the capital of our country, the colour of the flowers, the map of China. 5. 双重所有格： a friend of mine, a student of’s fathers 6. 注意: the key to the door；the answer to the questions其它用法： 1.one of意为……之一，of后面的名词要用复数形式2. news为不可数名词I want to tell you many pieces of good news.3. 由with引出的介词短语不是本句的主语，这与连词and有很大的区别The teacher and five students are coming here. The teacher with five students is coming here. 4. many a（许多 加可数名词单数，主语时其谓语动词应用单数形式Many a student makes the same mistake in the exam. 5. 定冠词加姓加s，则意为家人.谓语动词用复数