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- 2018-05-18 发布于上海
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基于泊松方程的浮雕处理技术分析-analysis of relief processing technology based on poisson equation
摘要作为一种广泛应用的艺术形式,在日常生活中,浮雕触手可及,例如钱币、 商标和雕塑等。浮雕的制作是一项费时费力的工作,需要熟练的雕刻师才能完成。 逆向工程技术为浮雕制作方法的进一步发展提供了技术支持,当前浮雕处理面临 着下面三个问题:(1)对于真实世界中的浮雕,通过激光扫描仪得到的是点云模 型,需要将其转化为图形学中广泛处理的三角面片模型;(2)然而,因为浮雕所 位于的基表面是未知的,设计出一个简单而有效的浮雕提取方法是一项具有挑战 性的工作;(3)如何通过编辑工具设计出新型的浮雕效果。不同于传统独立模型 的编辑方法,浮雕在编辑的过程中必须紧贴基表面,这实际上是对浮雕的编辑施 加了一种很强的约束。基于泊松方程,本文解决浮雕处理中的上述三个问题。并针对泊松方程建立 和求解速度慢的缺陷,利用 GPU 技术进行了加速,显著提高了浮雕处理的效率, 主要工作包括:(1)基于泊松方程的并行化浮雕重建算法,算法的贡献在于提供 了一种快速的浮雕重建算法,重建过程完全在 GPU 上执行,重建时间比基于 CPU 的重建算法提高了近 10 倍,对于中等规模的模型可以满足实时重建的要求;(2) 基于泊松方程的浮雕提取算法,针对传统的提取算法在自动性和统一性上的缺陷, 本文采用了基于泊松方程的解决方案,算法能够自动对光滑背景或纹理背景的浮 雕进行提取;(3)基于泊松方程的并行化浮雕编辑算法,实现了设计新型浮雕的 编辑操作。这些编辑操作方便、快捷,用户操作浮雕上选定的手柄,即可实现浮 雕的全局(平移,旋转和缩放)和局部变形。实验结果表明,本文能针对获取的浮雕点云模型,自动重建、提取出浮雕并 将其应用到新的表面上,通过编辑浮雕的位置和形状,使得浮雕的制作时间大为 缩短,同时也能制作出比传统手工方法更加精确的结果。关键词:泊松方程,GPU,浮雕重建,浮雕提取,浮雕编辑ABSTRACTAs a kind of art, reliefs exist widely in the world around us, which is used in various fields, for example, on coinage, branding products and sculptural decoration. Relief production is a time and labor consuming work which is needed to be finished by skilled carver. Reverse engineering provides technical support for new development of relief production. Relief processing faces three problems. Firstly, since the acquired relief model from real world is a set of points, we need to convert it to mesh which is more widely used in computer graphics. Secondly, since the base surface that relief lies on is unknown, designing a simple and effective relief extraction method is a challenging work. Thirdly, how to make new reliefs by editing tools. Relief editing is different from traditional single model editing, because the relief needs to attach the base surface when edited which serves a strong constraint to relief editing.Based on poisson equation, we have solved the above three problems. Morever, using GPU to accelerate the construction and solution of poisson equation, we have improved the efficiency of relief processing. Our work contains three parts. Firstly, parallel relief reconstruction al
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