基于冲击电压发生器的混凝土预弱化控制分析-analysis of concrete pre-weakening control based on impulse voltage generator.docxVIP

摘要基于冲击电压发生器的混凝土预弱化是以脉冲功率技术为背景而提出的一种新型的破碎方法，与传统的化学手段和机械手段拆除建筑物的方法相比较，该方法破碎效率高、毁伤效果好、成本较低且节能环保，在节能、环保已经成为发展的两大主题的当今世界，混凝土预弱化在今后有着不可估量的应用前景。本文以实现混凝土预弱化效果可控为目的，通过对混凝土预弱化的基本原理、混凝土内部的场强分布进行了理论分析，得到了预弱化的理论基础，即在不同物质的交界面处场强最强且交界面两侧物质的相对介电常数之差越大该交界面的场强越大；通过对冲击电压发生器的分类比较选择了冲击电压发生器的种类并进行搭建，使用LTspice对冲击电压发生器的输出波形进行仿真，对三级冲击电压发生器的器件参数进行调整，得到所需的输出电压；以10cm*10cm*10cm 的混凝土为试验样品，测量得到高压击穿时混凝土两端的电压波形，观察混凝土毁伤情况，分析计算得到相应的电流波形和阻抗波形，说明混凝土内部形成了等离子通道，产生了冲击波，毁伤了混凝土；对混凝土预弱化系统进行了简单的数学建模，通过调节输入电压可以控制试验效果，实现了混凝土预弱化效果可控。关键字：预弱化；场强；等离子通道；阻抗AbstractTakethepulsedpowertechnologyasthebackground,thepre-weakeningof concretebasedontheimpulsevoltagegeneratorisanewtypeofcrushingmethod, comparisonwiththetraditionalchemicalmethodandmechanicalmeanstobreak building,thepre-weakeningofconcretehasgreatimmeasurableapplicationpropects asitshighbreakingefficiency,gooddamageeffect,lowcostandenergysaving environmental protection.Inthispaper,forthepurposeofcontroltheeffectofpre-weakeningofconcrete, getthepre-weakeningtheoreticalbasisthroughtheanalysisofthebasicprinciplefor pre-weakeningofconcreteandthefieldstrengthdistributionoftheinternalconcrete: thefieldstrengthattheinterfacebetweentwodifferentmaterialisthestrongest,and themoredifferenceoftherelativedielectricconstantofthetwomaterial,thefield strengthisstronger.Determinetheimpulsevoltagegeneratorspeciesby classification, usingtheLTspicetosimulatetheoutputwaveformoftheimpulsevoltagegenerator, adjustingdeviceparametertogettheneededoutputwaveform, measuringthevoltage waveformatthetwoendsofthe10cm*10cm*10cmconcretesamplewhenthe concretewasbreakdownbythehighvoltage,observingtheconcretesample, analyzingandcalculatingtogetthecurrentwaveformandimpedancewaveform.The resultsshowthattheinternalconcreteformedtheplasmachannel,producedashock waveanddamagedtheconcrete.Setupasimplemathematicalmodel,wecancontrol the effect byadjustingtheinput voltage.Key words：Pre-weakening; Field strength;Plasma channel;Impedancewaveform目录第1 章绪论.........................................................