陕西科技大学过程装备与控制工程过程装备双语Chap4-Pumps.pptVIP

Chapter 4 Pumps §4.2 Pump Application and Classification Para 1: Primary function: move liquids; Applications: the 2nd sentence . Fig.4.2-1/2 Para 2-5: Classification and mechanisms intake stroke 进气冲程/行程 counter-count line 2, para 4 Mechanisms: Dynamic——accelerate liquids axially ( in a straight line) or centrifugally (in circles); Positive displacement——transfer liquids using a rotary or reciprocating motion that displaces liquid on each rotation or stroke. §4.3 Internal Slip Para 1: Definition of slip The difference between how much liquid a pump can move and how much it actually does move. Para 2: centrifugal pump——100% slip, Fig 4.3-1; volute 蜗壳 line 5 Para 3: PD pump——minimal slip. §4.4 Dynamic Pumps (Focus point) We already know that dynamic pumps are classified as centrifugal or axial.(Read the 2 Para) §4.5 Centrifugal Pumps WHAT IS CENTRIFUGAL PUMP? Convert the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by centrifugal force on the liquid； Constitute the most common type of pumping machinery； Used to move liquids through a piping system. Working process: Please look at Fig 4.5-1 liquid encounters→ spinning impeller →liquids propelled circular rotation that forces it outward→ into volute. Summary: centrifugal force and volute design convert velocity energy to pressure. WORKING MECHANISM OF A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP Simplest piece of equipment in any process plant； Energy changes occur by virtue of impeller and volute; Liquid is fed into the pump at the center of a rotating impeller and thrown outward by centrifugal force; The conversion of kinetic energy into pressure energy supplies the pressure difference between the suction side and delivery side of the pump. §4.5 Centrifugal Pumps Basic Components Has two main components: 1. Stationary componets, casing, casing cover and bearings 2. Rotating components, impeller and shaft Classified into three categories ： Radial Flow, Mixed Flow, Axial Flow Pump Desig