陕西科技大学过程装备与控制工程过程装备双语Chapter 16 Other Seperation.pptVIP

Chapter 16 Extraction and Other Separation Systems 乔丽洁 §16.2 Extraction Introduction of extraction(萃取）: One of the methods of separating two materials from a mixture or a solution; Extraction: A process for separating two materials in a mixture or solution by introducing a third material that will dissolve one of the two materials but not the other. Another method is distillation. 2. 3 basic types of extraction: §16.2 Extraction 3. Reasons for extraction (4 reasons in 4 Para.) 4. Liquid-liquid Extraction Process (1) 3 steps: (2) Fig.16.2-1 5. Properties of a Good Solvent (7 points) 6. Equipment (1) Single stage: Fig.16.2-2 (2) Concurrent: multistage Fig.16.2-3 (3) Counter-current Fig.16.2-4 7. Extraction Columns (Fig.16.2-5) 8. Extraction column Terms and Principles §16.3 Absorption Columns The 2 parts use the same Fig.16.3-1 §16.5 Adsorption Definition: （1st Para.） Adsorption is the process in which an impurity is removed from a process stream by making it adhere to the surface of a solid, which is a porous solid such as activated alumina ,charcoal（木炭） or a variety of other adsorption materials. Process: As we see in the figure, there are two packed towers. Examples and Application: Para 3 Equipment Fig.16.5-2 Drying Definition: Para 1 Introduction of equipments: §16.6 Scrubber （涤气器） Definition：A scrubber is a device used to remove chemicals and solids from process gases. Scrubbers are cylindrical and can be filled with packing material or left empty. （1st 4 lines and Fig.16.6-1） §16.7 Water treatment System Water that is drawn in from lakes, rivers, and oceans, must be treated before it can be used. As water enters the plant, it is stored in large holding basins and allowed to settle out. A series of large pumps take suction off the basin and send water to a series of filters for additional purification. Some filtered water is sent to demineralizers for additional treatment to remove dissolved impurities. In the past industry use water underground——subsidenc