MTI笔译理论与实践Unit 4.pptVIP

Word Parallelism perfect corresponding technical terms proper names borrowed words Partial corresponding 牛-cattle 羊- 笔- brother-in-law - fry - jade- zero corresponding pragmatic meanings ambition——雄心、野心 dream——理想、妄想、梦想 humble——谦逊、谦卑、谦恭 parent——高堂(书面)、双亲(书面或中性)、父母(中性)、爹娘(口语) multimeaning words relative synonyms Non-parallelismtransliteration/zhiyi yiyi/zero translation bonsai 盆栽(花卉) cheongsam 旗袍 ginseng 人参，西洋参 Taoteching 道德经 nankeen 南京棉 work units 工作单位 iron rice bowl铁饭碗 克隆 clone 酷 cool 盖世太保 Gestopo 蜜月 honeymoon 白领 white collar 冷战 cold war 五月花柱 May pole 千年虫 millennium bug MBA/IT/IPO Morphological Differences Syntactic Language Analytic Language “比起来,还是中国文化看得开些——阴阳不分,古今同在,众寡通融,真是了无绊碍。文法这么简单,省下来的时间拿来做什么呢? 拿来嘛——西方人做梦也想不到——拿来推敲平仄,对对子了,哈哈! ” ——余光中 inflexion gender number case tense aspect voice mood person degree of comparison part of speech 68《英汉高级翻译》 Syntactic Differences hypotaxis parataxis 在英文里, 词性相同的字眼常用and 来连接: 例如man and wife, you and I, back and forth。但在中文里,类似的场合往往不用连接词,所以只要说“夫妻”、“你我”、“前后”就够了。同样地,一长串同类词在中文里,也任其并列,无须连接:例如“东南西北”、“金木水火土”、“礼乐射御书数”、“油盐酱醋茶”皆是。中国人绝不说“开门七件事,柴、米、油、盐、酱、醋以及茶。”谁要这么说,一定会惹笑。同理,中文只说“思前想后”、“说古道今”,英文却必须动用连接词,变成“思前和想后”、“说古及道今” ——余光中 Connectives 善欲人见，不是真善；恶恐人知，便是大恶。 A good deed is no good deed if it is done for show; an evil deed is all the worse if it is covered up. Prepositions Carlisle Street runs westward , across a great black bridge, down a hill and up again, by little shops and meatmarkets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn. （卡莱尔大街往西伸展，越过一座黑色大桥，爬下山岗又爬上去，经过许多小铺和肉市，又经过一些平房，然后突然冲着大片绿色草地停了下来。） proverbs Nevertheless, such methods can be extremely useful when they are properly applied． 尽管如此，这类方法只要应用适当是非常有用的。 Governments exist to provide to provide valuable servieces which businesses or individuals are unwilling or unable to provide independently. 政府的存在能为人们提供有价值的服务，而这些服务是企业或个人不愿意或不能够单独提供的。 static language vs. dynamic language He