正误选项特征.pptVIP

* 阅读理解 正误选项特征 设置正确选项(解)的一个常用方法就是同义替换或释义(paraphrase)，即把文中语言改头换面，运用与原文不同的结构、不同的词汇，来表达相同或类似的意思。常见的形式有： 正确的选项称为解，错误的选项称为干扰项 正确选项特征 1) 正确选项大量使用原文的同义词或同义结构 2) 正确选项频繁使用原文的反义词加上反义结构来表达与原文相同的意思 3) 正确选项是原文的有机总体或合理局部 4) 正确选项常常是原文长难句的简单化解释 5）正确选项是对原文引语的解释 6）正确选项是文中例证或事实的归纳总结 7）正确选项是对段落中心/大意，或者篇章中心的归纳总结 8) 正确选项是原文某段文字的推理 1)正确选项大量使用原文的同义词或同义结构 useful as half-sleeping might be, it’s only been found in birds and such water mammals as dolphins, whales, and seals. perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning. Q：while sleeping, some water mammals tend to keep half awake in order to [a] alert themselves to the approaching enemy. [b] float out of water now and then to breathe. [c] be sensitive to the ever-changing environment. [d] avoid being swept away by rapid currents. Eg.1 2)正确选项频繁使用原文的反义词加上反义结构来表达与原文相同的意思 he is old. he is no longer young. 句子结构一个是肯定形式，一个是否定形式，其实表达的意义是一致的 Q：if a child starts to speak later than others, he will [a] have a high IQ. [b] be less intelligent. [c] be insensitive to verbal signals. [d] not necessarily be backward. Eg.1 experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed order and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. at twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. at three he knows about 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style rather than grammar. Q：if a child starts to speak later than others, he will [a] have a high IQ. [b] be less intelligent. [c] be insensitive to verbal signals. [d] not necessarily be backward. Eg.1 3)正确选项是原文的有机总体或合理局部 有机总体和合理局部(或称一般和特殊)的关系主要表现为：一般是特殊的总和，特殊为一般的属性。这种题型考查类比推理能力。 there are two basic ways t