Chapter 6 Logistics Engineering 工业工程专业英语 教程文件.ppt

Chapter 6 Logistics Engineering;Definition of Logistics;And the definition from the MIT Center for Transportation Logistics is that logistics involves “managing the flow of items, information, cash and ideas through the coordination of supply chain processes and through the strategic addition of place, period and pattern values.” In practice, the terms “logistics” and “supply chain management” are now used interchangeably. Actually logistics and the Supply Chain are equivalent terms, so the Institute of Logistics (1998) gave the following definitions: ;“Logistics is the time related positioning of resource or the strategic management of the total supply chain. The supply chain is a sequence of events intended to satisfy a customer. It can include procurement, manufacture, distribution, and waste disposal, together with associated transport, storage and information technology1.” In some developed countries, the productivity had risen and the total quantities of products became saturation in the early 1990s, also there were many products which can not be distributed because of the competition. It was difficult to develop the technique as well. People had to find a new way to solve the problems. They intend to expand the market and reduce the cost through the improvement of distribution. It was the initial concept of logistics.;The earliest concept of logistics came from Arch W. Shaw’s ?Some Problems in Market Distribution? (1915). They called it “Physical Distribution” (PD) at that time. The definition focused mainly on the distribution. In the late 1980s people have already had a general and deep comprehension about logistics. PD as a definition could not characterize the whole frame of logistics. The logistics included not only the physical distribution but also production logistics, returned logistics, material reuse and the contents like that. Logistics as a suitable definition occurred instead of PD. ;Facility Design ;Logistics Management;2 Transportation/Ha