高三英语人教版一轮教师用书：第二部分 专题二　一、名　词 Word版含解析.docVIP

专题二　名词和冠词 一、名　词[全国卷考情分析] 题型 典题试做 命题解读语法填空 1.(2017年全国卷Ⅰ)This trend(effect) such as overweight and heart disease－the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.2．(2017年全国卷Ⅱ)This development was only possible with the introduction(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. 1.给出名词提示词考查名词的数；2．给其他词性形式(通常为动词、形容词)提示词填写名词；3．名词的固定搭配。短文改错 1.(2017年全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the word→words！” “Slow down！” 【导学号2．(2017年全国卷Ⅱ)Besidesseful informations→information from the Internet. 1.可数名词单复数的错用；2．混淆名词的可数与不可数。 (对应学生用书第226页) 名词的数[先试做题组]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2016年四Any smell might attract natural enemies(enemy) that would try to eat the little panda. 2．(2017年淄博二模)He lost all his keys(key) to the doorsⅡ.单句改错Though we are now out of danger，the broken bridge is still great danger to car drivers.great前加a[再解读要点]名词按其词汇意义可分为专有名词和普通名词。普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数之分不可数1．可数名词复数的变化规则(1)名词复数的规则变化变化规则 例词一般情况下在词尾直接加-s books以-s结尾的名词在词尾加-es glasses(例外：stomach→stomachs)以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词把y变为i再加；以元音字母＋y结尾的名词直接加-s cities以o结尾的名词常在词尾加-s radios(例外：heroes) 以-f或-fe结尾的名词常把f或fe变成v再加-es；少数词尾加-s half→halves；roofs(2) 名词复数的不规则变化单复数同形：deer(方式方法)词形变化：man→men合成名词的复数：passer-by→passers-by名词前有man或woman修饰变复数时作定语的man/woman和中心词都要变为复数形式。如：woman doctor→women doctors(3)常以复数形式出现的名词：thanks(著作；工厂)(礼貌)(情绪)(操作说明)(用法说明)(试卷文件)(时代)等。2．抽象名词具体化 名词的固定搭配[先试做题组]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．I have no hesitation(hesitate) in recommending her for the job.2．(江西高考)Whenever I made mistakes(mistake)out with patience. Ⅱ.单句改错Many parents in China always attach too much important to words，ordering their children to do this or that. important→importance 【导学号[再解读要点]名词构成的固定搭配主要有两类：“动词＋名词＋介词”和“介词＋名词”。常考的高频短语：1．介词＋名词耐心地by chance/accident偶然不知所措 in advance提前支持赞成 on purpose故意地无法辨认需求量很大2．动词＋名词＋介词可以获得利用趁……之机利用挑……的错与……同步结束……注意到看见损害……重视……e the place of取代代替以……自豪占有为……做准备对……做出贡献[技法点拨]名词与语法填空 名词与短文改错1.词性转换题：“句子成分”是关键(1)如果要填的词在句中作主语、宾语或表语要考虑名词形式；(2)如果要填的词被形容词、定冠词或形容词性物主代词所修饰要考虑名词形式；2．名词复数题：“牢记规则”辨是非(1)如果空格处被these和数词等修饰时要考虑名词的复数形式；(2)如果一般现在时的谓语动词是动词原形或ar