电子与 及通信工程专业英语Unit 3 Integrated Circuit.pptVIP

Unit 3 Integrated Circuit;　　Integrated Circuits are usually called ICs or chips. They are complex circuits which have been etched onto tiny chips of semiconductor (silicon). The chip is packaged in a plastic holder with pins spaced on a 0.1 inch (2.54 mm) grid which will fit the holes on breadboards[1]. Very fine wires inside the package link the chip to the pins.　　1．Pin numbers　　The pins are numbered anti-clockwise around the IC (chip) starting near the notch or dot. Fig 3.1 shows the numbering for 8-pin and 14-pin ICs, but the principle is the same for all sizes.;　　　　;　　2．Chip holders (DIL sockets)　　ICs (chips) are easily damaged by heat when soldering and their short pins cannot be protected with a heat sink. Instead we use a chip holder, strictly called a DIL socket (DIL: Dual In-Line), which can be safely soldered onto the circuit board. The chip is pushed into the holder when all soldering is complete.　　Chip holders are only needed when soldering so they are not used on breadboards.;　　Commercially produced circuit boards often have chips soldered directly to the board without a chip holder, usually this is done by a machine which is able to work very quickly. Please don’t attempt to do this yourself because you are likely to destroy the chip and it will be difficult to remove without damage by de-soldering.;including earthed wrist straps and earthed work surfaces. You can make an earthed work surface with a sheet of aluminium kitchen foil and using a crocodile clip to connect the foil to a metal water pipe or window frame with a 10?k? resistor in series.;　　4．Datasheets　　Datasheets are available for most ICs giving detailed information about their ratings and functions. In some cases example circuits are shown. The large amount of information with symbols and abbreviations can make datasheets seem overwhelming to a beginner, but they are worth reading as you become more confident because they contain a great deal of useful information for more experience