基于fluent的旅行客车室内气流分布特征及评价研究-study on characteristics and evaluation of indoor air flow distribution of travel coach based on fluent.docxVIP

摘要随着汽车工业的快速发展及人们生活水平的不断提高，人们对客车室内热环境舒适 性的关注度也逐渐增加，客车空调的合理设置，气流的合理分布，不仅对乘客热舒适性 有着直接和重要的影响，还关乎客车设计初投资及运行的经济性。鉴于此，本文以某国 产旅行客车为研究对象，以计算流体力学、传热学为基础，借助 Fluent 流体分析软件， 采用 RNG k-ε 模型及壁面函数法对客车室内气流分布进行了三维数值模拟，分析了不 同送风参数下客车室内流场、温度场的分布特征及气流评价指标。本文的研究对改善客 车室内热环境、提高乘客热舒适性及客车空调运行经济性提供了理论依据，对客车空调 气流组织的优化设计具有指导作用。本文首先介绍了本课题国内外研究现状及课题的研究意义，其次介绍了湍流理论、 湍流模型及数值计算方法，分析了客车室内的传热特征，并充分考虑了太阳辐射、壁面 传热及人体热负荷对车室传热的影响，为边界条件的设置提供依据。随后以某国产客车 实际几何参数建立了客车的三维模型，并根据车室内气流流动特征及环境参数确定了计 算模型及边界条件参数，再以前期理论分析为基础，利用 Fluent 软件计算了不同送风参 数下车室内的温度场和速度场分布情况，定性或定量地进行对比分析，揭示了不同送风 温度、不同风速速度对车室内温度场、速度场的影响规律，最后以模拟计算结果为基础， 评价并分析了不同送风参数下对温度不均匀系数、速度不均匀系数以及空气分布特性等 指标的影响。关键词： Fluent；客车空调；三维模型；气流分布特征；热舒适性；评价分析AbstractWith the rapid development of automobile industry and continuous improvement of Peoples living standard, people pay more attention to the comfort of thermal environment in the bus. A reasonable set of air conditioning and distribution of the airflow in bus, not only has a direct and important impact on passengers’ thermal comfort, but also is related to initial design cost. From this point, a domestic produced bus was investigated, based on Fluid mechanics, heat transfer theory. A three dimension numerical simulation was researched inthe fluent by using the RNG k-ε model and wall function method, which was studied for theflow distribution inside the bus. Both flow and temperature distribution as well as airflow evaluation indexes in the bus was studied under different air inlet parameters. The study not only provided a theoretical basis to improve indoor thermal environment, passengers’ thermal comfort and air conditioning running cost, but also can guide the optimal design of airflow distribution in air-conditioned bus.First, the paper has a brief review of the research fact domestically and globally, with the introduction of the significance of this topic. Second, it introduced the theory of turbulence, turbulence model and numerical methods, and analyzed the indoor heat transfer characteristics; meanwhile, th