集成相变材料和反射隔热涂料的节能屋顶分析-analysis of energy-saving roofs with integrated phase change materials and reflective thermal insulation coatings.docx
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集成相变材料和反射隔热涂料的节能屋顶分析-analysis of energy-saving roofs with integrated phase change materials and reflective thermal insulation coatings
摘要相变材料和反射隔热涂料应用于建筑领域,能够有效降低建筑能耗,提高室内热舒适性。本文旨在研究一种集成相变材料和反射隔热涂料的节能屋顶,具体包括相变材料的配制和封装方法、屋顶的设计和建造方案、实体实验房间测试分析及Trnsys传热模型的建立等内容。本文首先阐述了节能屋顶的隔热原理。根据相关规范选择了合适的反射隔热涂料,并以高级脂肪酸和高碳醇为原料,利用低共熔混合原理和DSC测试配制了合适的相变材料。为了满足相变材料的使用要求,又设计了以PE-RT管为组件,采用热熔连接而成的相变材料封装装置。依据节能屋顶的隔热原理确定了屋顶的设计和建造方法,屋顶由内至外依次为屋顶基础层、防水层、粘结砂浆层、相变层、抗裂砂浆层和反射涂料层。为了测试分析节能屋顶的性能,搭建了1#(PCM屋顶)、2#(CR屋顶)、3#(PCR屋顶)三间全尺寸实验房间。在密闭门窗(减少外界干扰因素)的状况下,分别测试了室外气候参数,屋顶温度及热流等参数。通过对比分析发现,节能屋顶相比其他屋顶,屋顶内表面峰值温度平均降低了0.26℃~0.58℃,峰值热流密度平均降低了1.28W/m2~2.85W/m2,屋顶内表面温度与室外温度、太阳辐射等参数的相关性系数降低了4.36%~50.48%。充分证明了节能屋顶既具有良好的隔热效果,又具有良好的效屏蔽外界环境影响的能力。为弥补实验的局限性,指导节能屋顶的设计和研究工作,本文基于Trnsys建立了节能屋顶的传热模型。通过与实验结果进行误差分析和B-A一致性分析,发现模拟值和实测值一致性吻合程度在91.94%~97.22%之间,证明了所建立的模型具有较高的准确性。最后,利用所建立的模型模拟了普通屋顶的传热状况,通过与实验房间的实测结果对比,发现节能屋顶日传热量较普通屋顶平均降低了17.89%。关键词:节能屋顶;PE-RT管;相变材料;TRNSYSABSTRACTPhasechangematerials(PCM)andreflectivethermalinsulationcoatingsusedinconstructionfieldnotonlycaneffectivelyreduceenergyconsumptionofbuildings,butalsocanimproveindoorthermalcomfort.Thispaperaimstostudyakindofenergy-savingroofcombinedPCMandreflectivethermalinsulationcoatings.ThestudyincludedthedevelopmentofnewPCMandencapsulatingmethod,thedesignandconstructionschemeofenergy-savingroof,theexperimentandanalysisoffull-scalerooms,andtheestablishmentofTrnsysheattransfermodels,etc.Atfirst,weexpoundedthethermalinsulationtheoryoftheenergy-savingroof.Thentheappropriatereflectivethermalinsulationcoatingshavebeenchoosedaccordingtorelevantspecifications,andsuitablePCMhavebeenmadeup,seniorfattyacidandhighcarbonalcoholasrawmaterial,basedonthetheoryofeutecticmixtureanddifferentialscanningcalorimetry(DSC).Andanencapsulatingdevices,PE-RTpipeandpipefittingswiththermalconnection,havebeendesignedtomeettherequestforutilizationofPCM.Thedesignandconstructionmethodoftheroofhavebeenconfirmedbasedonthethermalinsulationtheoryoftheenergy-savingroof.Theroofstructurewasbaselayer,waterprooflayer,bindingmortarlayer,PCMlayer,anti-crackmortarlayerandreflectivethermalinsulationcoatingslayer,fromtheinsidetotheoutside.Threefull-s
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